Biography of Ki Hajar Dewantara

Ki Hajar Dewantara,

Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat was

born in Yogyakarta on May 2^nd 1889. He came from Pakualaman family, the son of GPH Soerjaningrat, grandson of Pakualam III and grew up in a family of Yogyakarta Kingdom.

Then, in 1922 when he was 40 years old, Raden Mas Soewardi Soeryaningrat changed his name to Ki Hadjar Dewantara.

Since that time, he was no longer using a knighthood in front of his name. Based on the Indonesian spelling in since 1972, its name is misspelled as Ki Hajar Dewantara.

Ki Hajar Dewantara ever studied at Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) at the Dutch colonial era it is an elementary school in Indonesia.

After graduating from ELS, then he went to STOVIA is a school for the education of indigenous doctors in Batavia in the Dutch colonial era. This time it became the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. Although he did not could not complete his education because of illness.

Ki Hajar Dewantara worked as a writer and journalist in various newspapers, such as: Tjahaja Timoer, Midden Java, De Expres, Sediotomo, Kaoem Moeda, Poesara, and Oetoesan Indies. His writing is very communicative and brave with anti-colonial spirit.

Besides work as a writer, he is also active in social and political organizations. Since 1908, the beginning of the Boedi Utomo (BO), he was active in the propaganda section to socialize and Indonesian public awareness about the importance of a sense of unity in the nation.

Not only that, it turns Ki Hajar Dewantara also known as a prominent pioneer of education for the natives of Indonesia from the Dutch colonial era.

In fact, he managed to establish a school of the National University Student Park (National Institute of Taman Siswa Onderwijs) on July 3^rd 1922.

At first the Dutch colonial government attempted to deter his plan. Dutch government issued a Wild School Ordinance on October 1^st 1932. 

However, because of his persistence and struggle, the ordinance was finally lifted.

The college emphasizes a sense of nationality to indigenous education so that they love the nation and homeland and fight for independence.

Ki Hajar Dewantara’s been appointed as Minister of Teaching Indonesia referred to as the Minister of Education, Teaching and Culture in the cabinet of the first Republic of Indonesia.

For his service pioneered education in Indonesia, in 1957 he received an honorary doctorate of the University of Gadjah Mada (UGM).

Finally, he was declared as Father of National Education of Indonesia, as well as his birth day serves as National Education Day.

Ki Hajar Dewantara died on 26^th April 1959 in Yogyakarta. He was buried at the Taman Wijaya Brata, tombs for Taman Siswa’s family. His face was also immortalized on the Indonesian currency denomination of old 20,000 rupiahs.



QUESTIONS :
1. Where Ki Hajar Dewantara was born?
2. Why Ki Hajar Dewantara called as "Bapak Pendidikan" in Indonesia?
3. What dates Ki Hajar Dewantara was born?
4. Where Ki Hajar Dewantara was studied on Dutch colonial?

5. What the full name of Ki Hajar Dewantara before changed?